How does information flow through the hippocampus?

A major flow of information through the hippocampus is a one-way circuit. Some inputs to the hippocampus (perforant pathway) from the entorhinal cortex pass through to the dentate gyrus. From the dentate gyrus connections are made to CA3 of the hippocampus proper via mossy fibers and to CA1 via Schaffer collaterals.

What is the Perforant path?

In the brain, the perforant path or perforant pathway provides a connectional route from the entorhinal cortex to all fields of the hippocampal formation, including the dentate gyrus, all CA fields (including CA1), and the subiculum.

What connects hippocampus and hypothalamus?

Fornix: an arching, band of white matter axons (nerve fibers) that connect the hippocampus to the hypothalamus.

What are the four main neuronal regions of the hippocampus?

Hippocampus is a S-shaped structure within the medial aspect of the temporal lobe that can be identified as a layer of densely packed neurons. It receives afferent inputs from the cingulate gyrus, dentate gyrus, contralateral hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, septal area, indusium griseum, and diencephalon.

What is the basic circuitry of the hippocampus?

The trisynaptic circuit is a neural circuit in the hippocampus, which is made up of three major cell groups: granule cells in the dentate gyrus, pyramidal neurons in CA3, and pyramidal neurons in CA1. The first projection of the hippocampus occurs between the entorhinal cortex and the dentate gyrus.

How does the hippocampus function?

The hippocampus helps humans process and retrieve two kinds of memory, declarative memories and spatial relationships. Declarative memories are those related to facts and events. The hippocampus is also where short-term memories are turned into long-term memories. These are then stored elsewhere in the brain.