Who gave Cardinal equilibrium of consumers?

In this unit we will introduce you two contending theories – Alfred Marshall’s cardinal utility theory of demand, and J.R. Hick’s and R.G.D. Allen’s preference approach (or the indifference curve theory, or the ordinal utility theory) of consumer behaviour.

What are the approaches of consumer equilibrium?

Theory Of Consumer Behaviour What are two approaches to attain the state of consumer’s equilibrium? There are two alternative approaches namely ‘utility analysis’ approach and ‘Indifference curve analysis’ approach to attain the state of consumer’s equilibrium.

What is cardinal approach in economics?

Cardinal Utility is the idea that economic welfare can be directly observable and be given a value. For example, people may be able to express the utility that consumption gives for certain goods. In other words, the value of cardinal utility is related to the price we are willing to pay.

What is consumers equilibrium?

The state at which a consumer derives maximum utility from the consumption of one or more goods and services given his/her level of income is called consumer’s equilibrium. At that level of balance between total utility and income, the marginal utility of a product is equal to its one unit price.

What are the two approaches of studying consumer equilibrium?

As the resources are limited in relation to unlimited wants a consumer has to follow some principles and laws in order to attain the highest satisfaction level. The two main approaches to study consumer’s behaviour and consumer’s equilibrium are “Cardinal Utility Approach” and “Ordinal Utility Approach”.

What are the conditions of consumer equilibrium under ordinal approach?

The ordinal approach defines two conditions of consumer equilibrium: Necessary or First Order Condition and Supplementary or Second Order Condition.

What are two consumer equilibrium approaches?

Consumer’s equilibrium refers to the level of consumption where the consumer gets maximum level of satisfaction from consumption of the good with his given income and the price of the good. Two alternative approaches of consumer’s equilibrium are: Utility Approach and Indifference Curve Approach.

What is difference between cardinal and ordinal utility?

Cardinal utility is a function that determines the satisfaction of a commodity used by an individual and can be supported with a numeric value. On the other hand, ordinal utility defines that satisfaction of user goods can be ranked in order of preference but cannot be evaluated numerically.

What are the main assumptions of Cardinal approach?

The basic assumption of the cardinal utility approach is that utilities of commodities can be quantified. According to Marshall, money is used to measure the utilities of commodities. This implies that the amount of money that a customer is willing to pay for a particular commodity is a measure of its utility.

What are the two conditions of consumer equilibrium?

Conditions of Consumer Equilibrium A consumer is in equilibrium with his tastes, and the price of the two goods, which he spends a given money income on the purchase of two goods in a way as to get the main satisfaction.

What is consumer equilibrium with diagram?

In this article we will discuss about the concept of consumer’s equilibrium, explained with the help of suitable diagrams and graphs. A consumer is said to be in equilibrium when he feels that he “cannot change his condition either by earning more or by spending more or by changing the quantities of thing he buys”.

What are the conditions of consumer equilibrium under ordinal utility?

How does the Cardinal approach to consumer equilibrium work?

The Px is the price of the commodity and Mu m is equal to one. Thus, the consumer reaches his equilibrium when, As per the graph, P x (Mu m) is the horizontal line which shows the constant utility of money, whereas the MUx is a downward sloping curve which shows the diminishing marginal utility of commodity X.

What is Cardinal approach?

Definition: The Cardinal approach to Consumer Equilibrium posits that the consumer reaches his equilibrium when he derives the maximum satisfaction for given resources (money) and other conditions.

What is the meaning of consumer’s equilibrium in economics?

Meaning of Consumer’s Equilibrium Consumer’s equilibrium is the position in which the consumer reaches the highest level of satisfaction given his or her money income and the prices of goods. It means a consumer is said to be in equilibrium when he/she can maximize his/her utility with the given limited resources.

How is the consumer in equilibrium in marginal utility theory?

At the consumer’s equilibrium point the consumer spends all his/her income between different goods and services and derives maximum pleasure. In marginal utility theory, the consumer is in equilibrium with the combinations of goods purchased based on marginal utility (MU) and price (P) that maximize the total utility.