What is CX3CR1 a marker for?

CX3CR1 is a 7-transmembrane receptor for the CX3C chemokine fractalkine and mediates both its adhesive and migratory functions Murphy et al (2000). It also acts as a co-receptor with CD4 for HIV-1 virus envelope protein.

What cell types express CX3CR1?

Immune cells that express CX3CR1 include monocyte, macrophage, microglia, T helper (Th) 1, CD8+ T effector/memory cell, NK cell, γδ T cell, and dendritic cell (DC). Both CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 are expressed throughout the body.

Do neutrophils express CX3CR1?

CX3CR1 is not expressed highly on neutrophils, nor does fractalkine stimulate migration of these cells [6,7].

Do monocytes express CX3CR1?

Classical circulatory monocytes express low levels of Cx3CR1, whereas nonclassical monocytes have high Cx3CR1 expression (20). In many tissues a link between the macrophage Cx3CR1 phenotype and their activation state was also observed.

Do B cells have CXCR5?

The classical chemokine receptor on B cells is CXCR5. Its ligand CXCL13 is a potent B cell chemo-attractant molecule directing B cells into the follicles of secondary lymphoid organs [15].

Do neutrophils turn into macrophages?

During an infection, neutrophils typically induce a M1 phenotype in macrophages to prime their pro-inflammatory activity. One of the mechanisms by which neutrophils mediate macrophage polarization is by their release of azurocidin (Fig. 1) (Påhlman et al. 2006).

Do macrophages develop from neutrophils?

Shortly after the extravasation of neutrophils into an inflamed tissue, blood monocytes are abundantly recruited, which then differentiate into macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs)11.

What does CD68 stand for?

CD68 (Cluster of Differentiation 68) is a protein highly expressed by cells in the monocyte lineage (e.g., monocytic phagocytes, osteoclasts), by circulating macrophages, and by tissue macrophages (e.g., Kupffer cells, microglia).

What is the function of CCR7?

During homeostasis, CCR7 regulates the homing of T cells into lymphoid organs. During WNV infections, CCR7+ DCs regulate the homing of T cells expressing the cognate ligands CCL19 or CCL21 into the lymph nodes immediately following infection and restrict leukocyte migration into the brain.

Is CCL19 a cytokine?

Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 19 (CCL19) is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family that is also known as EBI1 ligand chemokine (ELC) and macrophage inflammatory protein-3-beta (MIP-3-beta).

Is the CX3C receptor a human or a mouse?

View/Edit Mouse. CX3C chemokine receptor 1 (CX3CR1) also known as the fractalkine receptor or G-protein coupled receptor 13 (GPR13) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CX3CR1 gene. As the name suggests, this receptor binds the chemokine CX3CL1 (also called neurotactin or fractalkine).

What is the function of the CX3CR1 gene?

The fractalkine ligand CX3CL1 is a transmembrane protein and chemokine involved in the adhesion and migration of leukocytes. The protein encoded by the CX3CR1 gene is a receptor for the fractalkine ligand.

Can a cx3cr1-cre mouse express Cre recombinase?

Ask Customer Service for details. Cx3cr1-Cre mice express Cre recombinase under the direction of the Cx3cr1 promoter in the mononuclear phagocyte system making them useful for fate-mapping studies of the monocyte and macrophage compartment, as well as microglia. These mice do not express endogenous Cx3cr1 .

How is the coding exon of Cx3cr1 modified?

This BAC was modified to replace the coding exon of Cx3cr1 with a Cre recombinase gene and a loxP -flanked neomycin resistance cassette. This BAC was electroporated into C57BL/6N-derived embryonic stem (ES) cells.