What population is at risk of vitamin K deficiency?

Early and classical VKDB are more common, occurring in 1 in 60 to 1 in 250 newborns, although the risk is much higher for early VKDB among those infants whose mothers used certain medications during the pregnancy. Late VKDB is rarer, occurring in 1 in 14,000 to 1 in 25,000 infants (1–3).

In what population group is vitamin K deficiency most often observed?

Vitamin K (VK) deficiency can occur in any age group, but it is encountered most often in infancy. In the United States, the prevalence of VK deficiency varies by geographic region. In infants, VK deficiency without bleeding may occur in as many as 50% of infants younger than 5 days.

What is the main effect of vitamin K deficiency?

Vitamin K deficiency can contribute to significant bleeding, poor bone development, osteoporosis, and increased risk of cardiovascular disease.

Which disease is caused due to deficiency of vitamin K?

Vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB) is a bleeding problem that occurs in some newborns during the first few days of life. VKDB was previously called hemorrhagic disease of the newborn.

Who is at risk of vitamin A deficiency?

While deficiency is rare in developed countries, many people in developing countries do not get enough vitamin A. Those at highest risk of deficiency are pregnant women, breastfeeding mothers, infants and children. Cystic fibrosis and chronic diarrhea may also increase your risk of deficiency.

What are the symptoms of too much vitamin K?

The effects of vitamin K toxicity can include jaundice in newborns, hemolytic anemia, and hyperbilirubinemia. Toxicity also blocks the effects of oral anticoagulants.

What happens if you have vitamin K deficiency?

What happens if I don’t get enough vitamin K? Severe vitamin K deficiency can cause bruising and bleeding problems because the blood will take longer to clot. Vitamin K deficiency might reduce bone strength and increase the risk of getting osteoporosis because the body needs vitamin K for healthy bones.

What is the typical treatment for vitamin K deficiency when the patient is bleeding?

Intravenous (IV) administration of vitamin K has been associated with anaphylactoidlike reactions. Fresh frozen plasma may be considered for moderate to severe bleeding. Life-threatening bleeding may also be treated with prothrombin complex concentrates (PCCs).

What could be a result of vitamin K deficiency?

What is the main deficiency symptoms of vitamin A?

Symptoms of a Vitamin A Deficiency

• Night blindness. This causes you to have trouble seeing in low light.
• Xerophthalmia. With this condition, the eyes may become very dry and crusted, which may damage the cornea and retina.
• Infection.
• Bitot spots.
• Skin irritation.
• Keratomalacia.
• ‌Keratinisation.
• Stunted growth.

What causes vitamin K deficiency?

Vitamin K deficiency results from extremely inadequate intake, fat malabsorption, or use of coumarin anticoagulants. Deficiency is particularly common among breastfed infants. It impairs clotting.

What diseases are caused by vitamin K deficiency?

Vitamin K refers to a group of fat-soluble compounds involved in coagulation, bone development, and cardiovascular health. Vitamin K deficiency can contribute to significant bleeding, poor bone development, osteoporosis, and increased risk of cardiovascular disease.